Resumo
Objetivo: Este estudo explica por que as exigências do trabalho digital podem tanto promover quanto restringir o desempenho inovador em serviços e examina se a liderança digital percebida modifica a maneira como os funcionários da linha de frente interpretam essas exigências. O estudo posiciona esses processos em nível do empregado como uma microfundamentação humana da Inteligência Competitiva Estratégica em hotéis digitalizados.
Metodologia/Abordagem: Foram obtidos dados de uma pesquisa em duas ondas, com respostas pareadas de 453 funcionários da linha de frente de hotéis cinco estrelas na China. O modelo de mediação paralela e moderação de primeiro estágio foi estimado por meio de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais por Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-SEM), com 5.000 reamostragens bootstrap.
Originalidade/Relevância: A pesquisa em Inteligência Competitiva enfatiza as rotinas organizacionais de informação. Este estudo complementa essa perspectiva ao examinar como os funcionários interpretam as exigências decorrentes da implementação e utilização de sistemas de inteligência digital, sem tratar a Inteligência Competitiva como um construto empiricamente mensurado.
Principais Resultados: As exigências do trabalho digital apresentaram relação positiva com os três tipos de avaliação cognitiva. A avaliação como desafio (challenge appraisal) predisse maior desempenho inovador em serviços, enquanto as avaliações como obstáculo (hindrance appraisal) e ameaça (threat appraisal) predisseram menor desempenho. A relação direta entre as exigências e o desempenho tornou-se não significativa após a inclusão das vias de avaliação cognitiva, embora o efeito total tenha permanecido positivo. A liderança digital percebida fortaleceu a relação entre as exigências digitais e a avaliação como desafio e enfraqueceu sua relação com a avaliação como ameaça, mas não alterou significativamente a avaliação como obstáculo. A mediação moderada foi confirmada por meio da avaliação como desafio, não foi confirmada por meio da avaliação como obstáculo e mostrou-se sensível ao critério adotado por meio da avaliação como ameaça.
Contribuições Teóricas/Metodológicas: Os resultados identificam a avaliação cognitiva como uma microfundamentação do trabalho em serviços habilitado por inteligência. Os líderes digitais podem fortalecer a percepção das exigências como oportunidades de desenvolvimento e reduzir a percepção de perdas potenciais, enquanto os obstáculos operacionais exigem o redesenho da tecnologia e dos fluxos de trabalho.
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