Agenda 2030 Em Tempos De Crise: Os Reflexos Da Pandemia Da Covid-19 Nos Indicadores De Sustentabilidade No Brasil

Maria Clarada Rocha dos  Santos Silva; Cassia Gisele Dias Porto; José Floro de Arruda Neto; José Vitor Silva de Aragão; Weverton Samuel Onofre de Farias; Gilson Lima da Silva

doi:10.37497/jik.v9iknowledge.1649

Authors

Maria Clarada Rocha dos Santos Silva Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8754-3894
Cassia Gisele Dias Porto Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0702-5513
José Floro de Arruda Neto Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7586-2997
José Vitor Silva de Aragão Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1098-7200
Weverton Samuel Onofre de Farias Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7147-0299
Gilson Lima da Silva Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2484-3590

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37497/jik.v9iknowledge.1649

Keywords:

2030 Agenda, SDGs, Covid-19, Sustainability Indicators, Public Policies

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on sustainability indicators associated with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Brazil from 2019 to 2023.

Methodology/Approach: This study adopts a bibliographic and documentary approach, with an exploratory and descriptive design, based on reports from national and international organizations (UN, UNDP, IBGE, IPEA, WHO, ILO, and FAO). Social, environmental, and economic indicators were selected to assess setbacks, progress, and temporary impacts.

Findings: Results reveal heterogeneous effects. Progress was observed in indicators such as renewable energy (SDG 7), innovation and infrastructure (SDG 9), and internet access (SDG 17). Conversely, setbacks occurred in gender equality (SDG 5), income inequality (SDG 10), and deforestation (SDG 15). Some impacts were temporary, such as Covid-19 mortality (SDG 3) and education (SDG 4). Other indicators, such as sanitation and governance, remained relatively stable.

Originality/Value: The study provides an integrated assessment of pandemic impacts on SDGs in Brazil, highlighting interdependencies among social, economic, and environmental dimensions.

Implications: Findings emphasize the need for integrated public policies to accelerate the 2030 Agenda, particularly in addressing structural inequalities.

Author Biographies

Maria Clarada Rocha dos Santos Silva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

Holds a degree in Civil Engineering from UNIFAVIP WYDEN. Master's degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGECAM/UFPE-CAA). PhD candidate in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGECAM/UFPE-CAA).

Cassia Gisele Dias Porto, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

Holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Agreste Academic Campus. Master's degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGECAM/UFPE-CAA). PhD candidate in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGECAM/UFPE-CAA).

José Floro de Arruda Neto, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

Holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (2021) and a master's degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (2024). Currently a doctoral candidate in Chemical Engineering at UFPE.

José Vitor Silva de Aragão, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

Holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (2021) and a master's degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (2024). Currently a doctoral candidate in Chemical Engineering at UFPE.

Weverton Samuel Onofre de Farias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

Undergraduate student in Civil Engineering - Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Agreste Academic Center (CAA). Participated in Scientific Initiation in projects associated with the Environmental Engineering Laboratory - LEA (2023-2025). Currently participates in an Extension Project associated with the Advanced Environmental Management Group - GAMA of the Sustainability Engineering Laboratory - LES.

Gilson Lima da Silva, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Pernambuco

He holds a degree in Chemical Engineering from the Federal University of Pernambuco (1983), a Master's degree in Agronomy in the area of Soil Science from the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (1993), and a Doctorate in Chemical Engineering in the area of Environmental Engineering from the State University of Campinas-SP (2005). He was a Researcher at IAA/PLANALSUCAR from 1984-1988. He was Director of Environmental Control at CPRH from 1994-1996. He implemented and coordinated the Environmental Engineering Course at Uninassau from 2005-2009. He was a tenured professor in the Professional Master's Program in Environmental Technology at ITEP from 2004-2009. He is an Associate Professor at the Agreste Campus of the Federal University of Pernambuco in the Water Resources Area of the Civil Engineering Course. He has been an immortal member of the Pernambuco Academy of Chemistry since 2024. He is a tenured professor in the Postgraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGECAM) at the Agreste Campus and Vice Coordinator of the Professional Master's Program in Water Resources Management and Regulation (ProfAgua) at UFPE-Recife Campus. He served as Vice-Director of the Agreste Campus (CAA) at UFPE (2019-2023). He has experience in the area of Sustainability Engineering, currently coordinating the Advanced Environmental Management Research Group (GAMA) and the Sustainability Engineering Laboratory at the Agreste Campus of UFPE. He also holds the positions of Vice Coordinator of the Chemistry and Textile Technology Laboratories at the Agreste Campus. As a researcher, he has been developing projects in the area of Intelligent Systems for Environmental Sustainability, including research lines in Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Management, Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Application of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals, Solid Waste Management, Environmental Impact Assessment, Water Quality Monitoring, Life Cycle Assessment, Occupational Health and Safety, and Environmental Education.

References

ARPINIA, C. G. et al. A agenda 2030 e a internalização brasileira. J. Hum. Growth Dev., v. 33, n. 3, p. 487–492, 2023. Disponível em: https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/jhgd/article/view/13176. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

BARBIERI, J. C. Desenvolvimento sustentável: das origens à Agenda 2030. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2020.

BRITO, A. V. C. População e governo: vulnerabilidade à COVID-19 e intervenções públicas no enfrentamento da doença no Ceará. 2022. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/65691. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

CEPAL – Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe. Panorama social de América Latina 2020. Santiago: CEPAL, 2020. Disponível em: https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3904115/files/S2000965_en.pdf. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

ELIAS, L. Gestão de crises e a pandemia de COVID-19. Nação e Defesa, n. 156, 2020. Disponível em: https://comum.rcaap.pt/handle/10400.26/36562. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

FAO – Organização das Nações Unidas para a Alimentação e a Agricultura. Brasil voltou a sair do Mapa da Fome. Roma: FAO, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.fao.org/brasil/noticias/detail-events/en/c/1741586/. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

GARCÍA-RODRÍGUEZ, A. et al. Sustainable visions: unsupervised machine learning insights on global development goals. arXiv, 2024. Disponível em: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12345. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

GONÇALVES, N. C. L. et al. A relação entre os 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Constituição Federal: uma analogia entre a legislação brasileira e a Agenda 2030. 2024. Disponível em: https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/48048. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

GUTERRES, A. Mundo “pode e deve” retornar aos trilhos para alcançar os ODS, defende secretário-geral. Brasília: ONU Brasil, 2021. Disponível em: https://brasil.un.org/pt-br/136025. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Síntese de indicadores sociais 2024. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE, 2024. Disponível em: https://www.ibge.gov.br/estatisticas/sociais/populacao/9221. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA ECONÔMICA APLICADA (IPEA). ODS – Metas nacionais dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/handle/11058/11352. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY (IEA). Global CO₂ emissions rebounded to their highest level in history in 2021. Paris: IEA, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.iea.org/news/global-co2-emissions-rebounded-to-their-highest-level-in-history-in-2021. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

OIT – Organização Internacional do Trabalho. COVID-19 e o mundo do trabalho: estimativas de perdas de empregos e horas de trabalho em 2020. Brasília: OIT, 2021. Disponível em: https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/economia/noticia/2021-01/mundo-perdeu-255-milhoes-de-empregos-na-pandemia. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

OIT – Organização Internacional do Trabalho. Relatório sobre o impacto da pandemia no mercado de trabalho. Genebra: OIT, 2023. Disponível em: https://www.ilo.org/pt-pt/resource/news/o-relatorio-weso-trends-da-oit-e-o-comportamento-recente-do-mercado-de. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

OMS – Organização Mundial da Saúde. Boletim epidemiológico sífilis 2024. Genebra: OMS, 2024. Disponível em: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/hq-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-library/boletim_sifilis_2024_br.pdf. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

PNUD – Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Diagnóstico situacional de indicadores ODS – Corrente, Piauí. Brasília: PNUD, 2024. Disponível em: https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2024-12/diagnostico_situacional_corrente.pdf. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

PNUD – Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Tempos incertos, vidas instáveis: o impacto da COVID-19 no desenvolvimento humano. Brasília: PNUD, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2022-09/hdr2021-22overview-ptpdf.pdf. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

PNUMA – Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente. Relatório sobre a lacuna de emissões 2022. Nairobi: PNUMA, 2022. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/pt-br/resources/relatorio-sobre-lacuna-de-emissoes-2022. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

RAASCH, R.; LELIS, R. C. C.; BASSO, V. M. As dimensões e os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável após a Agenda 2030: uma revisão sistemática. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade, v. 10, n. 26, p. 1149–1171, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21438/rbgas(2023)102626

RODRIGUES, L. H. G. Objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável: novas perspectivas para o desenvolvimento econômico. Revista Perspectiva, v. 19, n. 3, p. 272–290, 2021. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/perspectiva/article/view/77347. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

SÁ, A. C. N. Indicadores de sustentabilidade para avaliação de programas de coleta seletiva: uma análise crítica. Revista de Estudos Ambientais, v. 12, n. 2, p. 45–67, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18316/rea.v12i2.9550

SERAFINI, P. G. Os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável nas instituições de ensino superior: iniciativas e barreiras no processo de implementação. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2022. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/51284. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

UNESCO. COVID-19 e educação: impactos sobre estudantes e sistemas educacionais. Paris: UNESCO, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.unesco.org/pt/covid-19/education-response. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.

VENTURA, D. F. L. et al. Desafios da pandemia de COVID-19: por uma agenda brasileira de pesquisa em saúde global e sustentabilidade. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, v. 36, p. e00040620, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00040620

ZORZO, F. B. et al. Desenvolvimento sustentável e Agenda 2030: uma análise dos indicadores brasileiros. Revista Gestão e Desenvolvimento, v. 19, n. 2, p. 160–182, 2022. Disponível em: https://revistas.univates.br/index.php/gestaoedesenvolvimento/article/view/3348. Acesso em: 29 set. 2025.